High Value Targets are a new feature in The Division, added during the May 24th free DLC Update.
Summary
This new feature allows agents to pursue High Value Targets, targets marked for capture that are considered highly valuable. According to Ubisoft:
“The HVT officer inside your base of operations will provide you with a list of these targets, along with a description, their level, and the recommended gear score you need to engage them. You’ll have a limited amount of time and only one chance to take down these targets.”